Illegal mining in the Peru-Ecuador border area and its impact on national security

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that illegal mining in the Peru-Ecuador border area constitutes an obvious threat to National Security, because it violates sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, as well as affects foreign policy and the State. , to society, to the economy, to the environment, among others, based on the analysis of the interdiction of the Peruvian National Police and the Public Ministry against illegal Peruvian and foreign (Ecuadorian, Venezuelan and Colombian) miners, carried out on 27 February 2023, on the banks of the Calvas river, Caserío Anchalay del Centro Poblado Cucuya, Suyo district, Ayabaca province (Peru-Ecuador border).